For many cat owners, the question of whether their furry companions should roam outdoors sparks endless debate. The image of a sleek cat basking in the sun, stalking butterflies or lounging under a tree feels idyllic.
But behind this notion lies a complex truth: not every cat thrives outside and not every owner is prepared for what outdoor life really entails.
Veterinarian Dr Rubendran Sukumaharan believes the answer begins with understanding each cat as an individual.
“Whether a cat should go outdoors really depends on its temperament. Many cats dislike strangers and unfamiliar environments and for them, going outdoors only causes fear and stress.
“Unsupervised outdoor access comes with serious risks like fights, disease transmission, fungal infections and even biodiversity impact, since cats are natural hunters,” he said in an interview with Sinar Daily.
For owners who choose to allow outdoor time, strict precautions are non-negotiable. Dr Rubendran stressed that if owners choose to let their cats out, they need strict precautions such as monthly deworming, parasite prevention and constant supervision.
And while he said neutering reduces the urge to wander, it does not erase it completely. Some cats, particularly those that once lived outdoors, may still crave that freedom.
Still, forcing an anxious indoor cat outside, Dr Rubendran warned, benefits the owner more than the animal.
“Cats love climbing and being in high places, so cat trees, shelves and scratching posts are great. Different cats enjoy different toys; some like strings, others balls or chasing lasers. What matters most is daily interaction with their owner through play and engagement.
“For owners who are often away, adopting another cat can also provide stimulation and companionship, but only if their cat is suited to sharing its space,” he explained.
Dr Rubendran also emphasised that feline happiness goes beyond nutrition. He advised that the most important thing is for owners to truly understand their own cats, because every cat has its own personality, preferences and needs.
Mental and emotional well-being often gets overlooked, but it is just as important as food and supplements.
He added that some cats want cuddles, others prefer independent play, but almost all need consistent stimulation.
“Playtime in particular is crucial. Without enough stimulation, cats miss out on enrichment, which directly affects their quality of life. Cats should not just be kept as ornaments; they need interaction and activities that keep them engaged and happy.
“My biggest advice for Malaysian cat owners is to focus on two things: proper nutrition and daily enrichment. Choose reputable food brands, feed the right amount for your cat’s age and condition and adjust for life stages like kittenhood, pregnancy or weight management.
“On the enrichment side, cats need interaction every day. Whether through toys, climbing posts, puzzle feeders or simply quality time with their humans.
“For sociable cats, a companion might be enriching. For more solitary ones, dedicated owner attention is enough. And for some, safe, supervised outdoor time adds joy,” he said.
At the heart of it all lies one timeless truth: every cat is unique. Some find peace on the windowsill, others in the garden, but all need thoughtful care tailored to their personalities.
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