Physical abuse: Know the 5Ds in bystander intervention

SHAH ALAM - When it comes to bystander intervention, the five D's enable people to act appropriately when they witness or anticipate danger.

According to the information and communications officer for All Women's Action Society (AWAM) Amanda Shweeta Louis, bystanders might be extremely helpful in preventing and addressing many forms of injustice and damage in their communities by being aware of and using these tactics.

“Bystanders always have the potential to support survivors, but before intervening, they should prioritise their own safety.

“If they can't ensure their safety, intervening might make the situation worse,” she said when contacted recently.

Amanda said the 5 Ds of bystander intervention involve direct intervention by addressing the situation, distracting to de-escalate, delegating for assistance, delaying for a safer opportunity, and documenting incidents for evidence or support.

She emphasised direct is by speaking up to the perpetrator, offering support to the victim, or simply asking if they need help.

“Our voice and presence can be their lifeline,” she said.

Amanda added the second D, distract is by creating a diversion to break the tension and offer the victim an escape.

Further explained, Amanda said delegate was to seek help from others nearby such as contacting authorities or asking someone else to intervene like finding a trusted adult.

Another D is for delay where to wait until a safer opportunity arises to intervene or check on the survivor's well-being discreetly if immediate action is not possible.

She said the last D stands for document by recording the incident if possible and legal, taking notes or discreetly capturing video/audio.

“This evidence can be vital for authorities and support the victim,” she said.

She said individuals facing immediate danger should call emergency services while those who sought support and guidance could contact domestic violence hotlines like Telenita Helpline at 016-2374221.

She added reporting to the police is encouraged, as it initiates an investigation and potential legal action against the abuser.

For an effective incident report, she suggested including detailed information such as the location and time is preferable. Additionally, providing concrete evidence, such as emails, can strengthen the case further.