Islamic view of human behaviour refutes greed-driven economic models
Modern society often distracts itself from the reality of death through the pursuit of status and permanence.
KUALA LUMPUR – Islam offers four perspectives on human behaviour that challenge modern economic theories which often portray humans as driven purely by greed, self-interest and the pursuit of material gain.
Bayyinah Institute founder Nouman Ali Khan said Islam began with a core principle: humans do not truly own wealth and everything in their possession is merely entrusted to them by God.
“Our homes, assets and businesses are not absolute possessions. We are only caretakers for a limited time.
“Once we understand this, it transforms the way we treat and use what we have,” he said during the Key Reflection Session: The Quran and the Global Economy at the World #QuranConvention 2025, here, on Saturday.
He stressed that human behaviour cannot revolve solely around the self, as every person is interconnected within a wider social structure.
“Life is not just about ‘me’. We exist in relationships that influence collective wellbeing. Generosity is not a loss but a spiritual and social asset. In capitalism, giving is seen as a reduction, but for believers, charity brings benefit, not only in the hereafter but through a healthier society,” he added.
Nouman pointed out that an awareness of mortality is central to responsible conduct. Modern society, he said, often distracts itself from the reality of death through the pursuit of status and permanence.
He said it is good to want to live healthily, but we must not deny the certainty of death.
He said when people recognise that life is temporary, they begin to manage wealth, power and time with greater responsibility.
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